362 - International Consensus Guideline on Management of Genitourinary Adverse Events Associated with Prostate Cancer Radiation Therapy
Presenter(s)
A. Dornisch1, L. K. Ballas2, A. Birtle3, P. Blanchard4, S. C. Kamran5, A. U. Kishan6, A. Lamb7, M. S. Leapman8, J. Le Guevelou9, D. A. Loblaw10, J. M. Martin11, V. Murthy12, H. Nagar13, D. M. C. Poon14, P. Sargos15, S. N. Seyedin16, P. T. Tran17, N. Vapiwala18, A. Tree19, and T. M. Seibert1,20; 1Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 2Department of Radiation Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 3Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cancer Oncology, Preston, United Kingdom, 4Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France, 5Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 6Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 7Queen Mary University London, London, United Kingdom, 8Department of Urology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 9Laboratoire du traitement de l'image et du signal, université de Rennes, Rennes, France, 10Ontario Institute of cancer research, Toronto, ON, Canada, 11University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia, 12ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India, 13Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 14Department of Clinical Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China, 15CRLCC Institut Bergonie, Bordeaux, Aquitaine, France, 16Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, 17Division of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 18Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom, 20Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
Purpose/Objective(s): Genitourinary (GU) adverse events (AEs) are common during and after pelvic radiation therapy (RT) for prostate cancer and can substantially impact quality of life. We convened an international committee to establish consensus in the prevention, mitigation, and management of radiation-related acute and late GU AEs, as there are no relevant evidence-based consensus guidelines to inform treating providers.
Materials/Methods: A systematic evidence review focused on mitigation and management of radiation-related acute and late GU AEs was performed in PubMed, Embase and Cochrane. The following topics were addressed: management of acute GU AEs in the intact and post-operative settings; RT techniques; bladder outlet obstruction procedures; and indications for urology referral or hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO). Evidence-based consensus recommendations were developed using a Delphi process. We highlight the current state of evidence and evidence gaps worthy of future study.
Results: Consensus was reached for 31 key questions. For management of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), most evidence comes from trials in patients without cancer and not undergoing RT. A consensus algorithm for medical management of acute GU AEs was developed with the following highlights: (a) alpha blockers as 1st-line for obstructive symptoms in the intact setting, (b) anti-spasmodics as 1st -line for irritative symptoms in the intact setting, and (c) anti-spasmodics as 1st -line in the post-operative setting. The consensus algorithm provides an ordered list of medications to offer if 1st -line options afford inadequate relief. For RT fractionation, randomized clinical trial (RCT) data are available. 40% of panelists rarely or never use standard fractionation over moderate hypofractionation for patients with baseline LUTS, but most consider moderate hypofractionation over SBRT for AUA IPSS > 15. For patients with severe obstructive LUTS (most commonly AUA IPSS >20), the panel recommends a prophylactic bladder outlet obstruction procedure and, if obstructive symptoms improve, consideration of moderate hypofractionation or SBRT, based on retrospective data. There is one RCT supporting use of HBO for late radiation cystitis.
Conclusion: The consensus guideline synthesizes available evidence and expert opinion across key clinical decision points to provide practical guidance in the prevention, mitigation, and management of radiation-related acute and late GU AEs in prostate cancer RT. Envisioned as a living document with periodic updates, this guideline serves as a resource for practicing radiation oncologists by outlining expert-derived consensus recommendations of evidence-based care in areas where high-quality data is limited.